Dependent on the local needs and subspecialty interests of the medical staff, Clinical Neurophysiology may be used to monitor function during surgical operations on the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerve. It has roles also in the monitoring of the progress of disease, and the effects of therapy, working in conjunction with the clinician in charge of a patient to define the most appropriate management.

Finally, dependent again on the needs, interests and time resources, Clinical Neurophysiologists may carry out Neurological clinics in relation to subspecialty interests – for example for epilepsy and neuromuscular clinics, providing diagnosis, investigation and management.